September 10th, 2025, Newsletter

Dear Friends,

Tangents:

On this day in 1711, the South Sea Co. was chartered in London to trade with Latin America, sell annuities and manage the public debt. It became the heart of the greatest speculative mania Britain had ever seen.
September 10, 1846: Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine, revolutionizing garment production with a practical lock-stitch mechanism.
September 10, 1919: Nearly a year after the end of World War I, General Pershing is welcomed home with a parade down Fifth Avenue, NYC, from 107th St. to Washington Square.
September 10, 1948: American-born Mildred Gillars, the wartime radio broadcaster known as “Axis Sally,” was indicted in Washington, D.C., for treason. Go to article.

Arnold Palmer, golfer, b. 1929.
Stephen J. Gould, biologist, b.1941.

Oliver North marries Fawn Hall, his document-shredding secretary at the center of Iran-Contra scandal
Two key figures in the Iran-Contra affair quietly married last month, nearly 40 years after the scandal rocked US politics and President Ronald Reagan’s administration.
Everything Apple announced at its big event
Apple announced the iPhone Air, iPhone 17 and new wearables during its annual hardware event on Tuesday. Check out the product upgrades here.

This photographer has been sneaking into fashion shows for a decade
Fashion and rebellion — what a fun combo. Read about a man who has
snuck into prestigious events for nearly a decade. 

Building a modern metropolis using a centuries-old technique
Bamboo scaffolding has become synonymous with Hong Kong’s skyline, and it won’t be going anywhere anytime soon.

Marijuana may cause chromosomal defects in human egg cells
Higher levels of THC may cause chromosomal malformations in human eggs that may lead to infertility and miscarriages, a new study found.

Scientists are finally learning what’s inside mysterious ‘halo’ barrels submerged off Los Angeles

At first thought to hold the pesticide DDT, some mysterious barrels dumped in the deep sea near Los Angeles actually contain caustic alkaline waste that stops most life from living nearby. Read More.

NASA rover spots bizarre ‘turtle’ hiding among ancient rocks on Mars

NASA’s Perseverance rover has photographed a peculiar rock formation that looks eerily like a turtle poking its head out from its protective shell. Read More.

Scientists create first-ever visible time crystals using light — and they could one day appear on $100 bills

The visible patterns produced by the time crystals could be used for data storage and anti-counterfeiting designs. Read More.

Microsoft’s new light-based computer is inspired by 80-year-old technology — it could make AI 100 times more efficient

Microsoft’s latest computing system uses micro-LEDs and camera sensors to perform calculations. Read More.

‘We have basically destroyed what capacity we had to respond to a pandemic,’ says leading epidemiologist Michael Osterholm

Live Science spoke with leading epidemiologist Michael Osterholm about his new book, “The Big One,” which discusses the next pandemic and how to mitigate its harm. Read More.

PHOTOS OF THE DAY

Dunbar, Scotland

Laura van der Heijden, a cellist and artist in-residence at this year’s Lammermuir festival, performs in a rock arch near Dunbar. The classical music festival brings together musicians from around the world to play in beautiful locations across East Lothian
Photograph: Jane Barlow/PA

Hyderabad, India
‘Water overflowing from a rooftop tank.’
Photograph: Dhruv Pulipaka

​​​​​​​Patagonia, Chile

‘Patagonia has many dramatic mountains, especially the Torres del Paine. Lago Gray is a glacial meltwater lake with a shingle bar that you can walk across to admire the scenery.’
Photograph: Philip Robins
Market Closes for September 10th, 2025

Market
Index 
Close  Change 
Dow
Jones
45490.92 -220.42
-0.48%
S&P 500  6532.04 +19.43
+0.30%
NASDAQ  21886.06 +6.57
+0.03%
TSX  29179.39 +116.38
+0.40%

International Markets

Market
Index 
Close  Change 
NIKKEI  44057.97 +220.30
+0.50%
HANG
SENG
26200.26 +262.13
+1.01%
SENSEX  81425.15 +323.83
+0.40%
FTSE 100* 9225.39 -17.14
-0.19%

Bonds

Bonds  % Yield  Previous % Yield
CND.
10 Year Bond 
3.175 3.229
CND.
30 Year
Bond 
3.623 3.677
U.S.
10 Year Bond
4.0531 4.0875
U.S.
30 Year Bond
4.7019 4.7311

Currencies

BOC Close  Today  Previous  
Canadian $   0.7211 0.7222
US
$
1.3867 1.3846

 

Euro Rate
1 Euro= 
  Inverse   
Canadian $   1.6225 0.6163
US
$
1.1700 0.8547

Commodities

Gold Close  Previous  
London Gold
Fix
3649.55 3632.65
Oil
WTI Crude Future 63.67 62.63

MARKET COMMENTARY:
The two most powerful warriors are patience and time. -Leo Tolstoy, 1828-1910.
Canada
By Bloomberg Automation
(Bloomberg) — The S&P/TSX Composite rose for the second day, climbing 0.4%, or 116.38 to 29,179.39 in Toronto.
Today, materials stocks led the market higher, as 4 of 11 sectors gained; 131 of 210 shares rose, while 77 fell.
Suncor Energy Inc. contributed the most to the index gain, increasing 3.1%.
Iamgold Corp. had the largest increase, rising 9.1%.

Insights
* This year, the index rose 18%, heading for the best year since 2021
* This quarter, the index rose 8.6%
* The index advanced 27% in the past 52 weeks. The MSCI AC Americas Index gained 20% in the same period
* The S&P/TSX Composite is at its 52-week high and 31.3% above its low on April 7, 2025
* The S&P/TSX Composite is up 1.5% in the past 5 days and rose 5.1% in the past 30 days
* S&P/TSX Composite is trading at a price-to-earnings ratio of 20.7 on a trailing basis and 18.2 times estimated earnings of its members for the coming year
* The index’s dividend yield is 2.5% on a trailing 12-month basis
* S&P/TSX Composite’s members have a total market capitalization of C$4.65t
* 30-day price volatility fell to 9.69% compared with 9.71% in the previous session and the average of 9.79% over the past month

Index Points
Materials | 70.1611| 1.6| 38/8
Energy | 59.3815| 1.3| 33/7
Financials | 35.5087| 0.4| 15/8
Utilities | 1.8998| 0.2| 8/6
Health Care | -0.2385| -0.3| 1/2
Consumer Discretionary | -0.3079| 0.0| 4/5
Real Estate | -2.0339| -0.4| 7/12
Consumer Staples | -3.1967| -0.3| 3/7
Industrials | -6.4098| -0.2| 17/12
Communication Services | -7.8737| -1.2| 2/3
Information Technology | -30.5030| -1.0| 3/7
Suncor | 15.2100| 3.1| 6.3| 14.1
Brookfield Corp | 12.3400| 1.3| -13.7| 12.6
Celestica | 10.1800| 3.7| 13.5| 164.4
Thomson Reuters | -6.6580| -2.9| -20.7| 2.4
Shopify | -13.7200| -0.8| 6.6| 28.9
Constellation | Software | -22.0900| -3.5| -8.1| -0.5

(MT Newswires):
The Toronto Stock Exchange on Wednesday posted its 12th record close in the last 14 sessions, even as Rosenberg Research is among those still not ruling out the chances of a recession in North America.
Buoyed by high commodity prices, the resources-heavy S&P/TSX Composite Index closed up 116.38 points, or 0.4%, to 29,179.39.
The TSX went into today’s session up about 17.5% year to date, and 1.75% month to date.
Most sectors were higher, led by Energy up 1.9% and Base Metals up 1.2%.
No sector was down by as much as 0.7%.
Reflecting the sector gainers, in commodities gold traded at a record high for a third-straight day midafternoon on Wednesday, edging up after a report showed U.S. wholesale prices unexpectedly fell in August, clearing the way for the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates next week. Gold for December delivery was up $1.90 to US$3.384.10 per ounce, rising off Tuesday’s record close.
Also, West Texas Intermediate crude oil rose on heightened geopolitical tensions, despite signs supply is climbing above demand and U.S. inventory data showing another build.
WTI crude oil for October delivery closed up $1.04 to settle at $63.67 per barrel, while November Brent crude was last seen up $1.16 to $67.55.
In stock news, Cenovus Energy (CVE.TO, CVE) does not plan to raise its bid for oil-sands producer MEG Energy (MEG.TO), despite a higher offer from Strathcona Resources (SCR.TO), chief executive Jon McKenzie told Bloomberg News on Wednesday.
“We are in a world where we think we’ve got the only viable bid going forward,” McKenzie said in an interview, according to the report.
Reuters noted the takeover saga began in May when Strathcona launched a C$5.93 billion hostile bid for MEG Energy.
Cenovus countered this with a cash-and-shares agreement in August.
Since then, Strathcona has raised its stake in MEG to 14.2%, aiming to vote against the deal, and on Monday sweetened its original offer.
Strathcona’s revised offer values MEG at C$30.86 per share, compared with Cenovus’ nearly C$28.00 bid.
Meanwhile, the head of Wheaton Precious Metals (WPM.TO, WPM) says development of four new projects this year sets the company up well as gold prices continue to skyrocket towards US$4,000 an ounce.
Randy Smallwood, Wheaton’s chief executive said in a BNN Bloomberg interview on Tuesday afternoon a 10% increase in gold prices could lead to a 14-15% bump
in cash flow. BNN noted that can make it an attractive option for investors to capitalize on rising gold prices. “I don’t think we could have timed it any better,” said Smallwood.
“Stronger prices here in the second half of the year with combined with new mines coming on, sets us up very well.”
Still, despite all the recent record closes for the broad stock market, a revival in mergers and acquisitions, and elevated commodity prices, veteran market watchers like David Rosenberg continue to say the “uncertainty” theme remains relevant.
He published a note to that effect today that may be of interest to Canadians who invest across North America entitled ‘The Bull Market….In Uncertainty”.
In it Rosenberg said: “Uncertainty may have come off peak levels, but whether it pertains to the overall economy, trade, fiscal, or immigration policy, the measures across the board represent anywhere from two to four standard deviation events.
As market pundits, we have trouble squaring this with razor thin credit spreads and sky high price to earnings multiples, and as such, remain defensive in our investment approach.”
According to Rosenberg, the stock market is being fueled by sentiment, leverage, and momentum.
“There is this pervasive sentiment that the business cycle has been repealed, and that recessions no longer exist,” he said.
But he noted as an example, year over year trend in nonfarm payrolls has slowed to below a 1.0% rate, and that level, or nearby, was associated with all the prior 12 recessions back to 1948.
The only two ‘asset classes’ that seem to recognize this risk are the dollar and the Treasury market, he added.

US
By Rita Nazareth
(Bloomberg) — Wall Street traders drove stocks higher and bond yields lower as an unexpected inflation decline reinforced speculation the Federal Reserve will resume cutting interest rates in September.
Just a week ahead of the Fed decision, the first drop in producer prices in four months soothed worries that elevated inflation would create a challenge for policymakers trying to prevent a jobs downturn.
The market reaction was immediate, and traders almost fully priced in three rate reductions in 2025.
The S&P 500 hit fresh all-time highs, with the artificial- intelligence trade in full swing after Oracle Corp.’s blockbuster cloud outlook sent the shares up 36% and spurred an industry surge.
Two-year yields fell two basis points to 3.54%.
The producer price index decreased 0.1% in August from a month earlier and July’s figure was revised down.
From the year before, it rose 2.6%.
Economists pay close attention to PPI as some components are used to calculate the Fed’s preferred measure of inflation.
President Donald Trump called for the Fed to make a “big” rate cut after the data.
“The worst-case scenario on inflation isn’t playing out,” said David Russell at TradeStation.
“The doves will be happy to see the year-over-year number back below 3%.
Combined with the weak jobs data recently, this keeps us on track for rate cuts.
However, the speed and intensity might depend more on the big consumer index tomorrow.”
The extent to which companies pass the burden from tariffs on to consumers will be key in shaping the path for interest rates.
In fact, attention will soon shift to consumer price data due Thursday.
Forecasters expect another elevated advance in the core measure, which excludes food and energy.
“Tomorrow’s CPI will carry more weight, but today’s PPI print essentially rolled out the red carpet for a Fed rate cut next week,” said Chris Larkin at E*TRADE from Morgan Stanley.
“After last week’s jobs report, though, the market was already expecting the Fed to begin an easing cycle, so it remains to be seen how much of a near-term impact this will have on sentiment.”
The downside surprise to the PPI in August was driven by a compression of trade margins, reversing their unexpected widening in July, and therefore overstates the softness of producer prices, according to Stephen Brown at Capital Economics.
“Nonetheless, the big picture remains that tariff effects are feeding through only slowly,” he said.
To Neil Dutta at Renaissance Macro Research, firms may be trying to stay competitive to maintain market-share.
At the end of the day, tariff related pass-through has not been as much as anticipated, he noted.
“I think the Fed should cut 50 basis points next week — but I don’t think they will,” Dutta noted.
“The doves on the FOMC have a very strong case to make.
The hawks will argue that the unemployment rate is still low, financial conditions are loose, and that there is still upward inflation pressure in front of us due to tariffs.”
The better-than-expected and relatively benign producer price report is both good news and bad news, according to Scott Helfstein at Global X.
“On the positive side, tariffs are not having a drastic impact on company supply chains in aggregate.
Alternatively, the slowing in producer inflation could also signal a softening economy.
The Fed is likely to take notice but will still likely deliver a modest rate cut in September,” he said.
“Nothing in today’s data should sway the Fed from cutting rates next week,” said Mark Streiber at FHN Financial.
“Corporate profit margins surged after the pandemic and were hovering near all-time highs before the tariffs were implemented.
Tariffs have taken a bite out of those margins, but businesses certainly can absorb the blow.”
If profit margins were tighter to begin with, he noted, businesses likely would have shed employees to save on costs.
Disappointing employment data released Friday validated fears that the US labor market may be on the brink of a downturn and lifted expectations for how much the Fed will lower interest rates this year.
Fed Chair Jerome Powell cautiously opened the door to a cut
at the Fed’s Jackson Hole symposium last month, and more recent data showed the hiring slowdown extended into August.
“Investors are now contemplating the extent to which August’s payrolls, the benchmark revisions, and PPI should drive a conversation about a 50 bp cut next week,” said Ian Lyngen and Vail Hartman at BMO Capital Markets.
“We are still in the 25 bp cut camp.
For a half-point to be a real possibility, tomorrow’s core-CPI move will need to underwhelm.”
PPI data is good news for the Fed and marginally raises the probability of three sequential cuts in September, October and December, said according to Marco Casiraghi and Krishna Guha at Evercore.
“A few more inflation prints would not settle the question of whether the Fed should look through the tariff shock, but risks have already moved into better balance and Powell is sensitive to downside risks to the labor market,” they said.
“Core PPI declines further provide cover for a more accommodative monetary policy,” said Eric Teal at Comerica Wealth Management.
“The stagnant job market will take precedence as the Fed prepares to reduce rates and stimulate the economy, although we continue to believe the consumer is significantly less rate sensitive than in the past. So, more cuts are likely on the horizon.”
Consistently above-target inflation readings may limit its scope to deliver the more aggressive rate cuts that the jobs market side of the dual mandate prescribes, according to Matthew Weller at Forex.com and City Index.
“In terms of a potential market reaction, a surprise drop in this week’s CPI report could alleviate that tension and put a 50 basis-point rate cut firmly on the table,” he said.
Brown at Capital Economics says easing labor market conditions mean the Federal Open Market Committee is set to vote for a 25 basis-point cut next week — although “a rare triple dissent” in favor of a 50 basis-point move could steal the headlines.
“We expect the new Summary of Economic Projections to show only a slightly faster and deeper pace of easing than before, leaving the projected interest rate path above market pricing, he said.
The combination of a moderation in jobs growth and still manageable inflation should keep the Fed on track to cut rates, with a 25-basis-point cut expected in September to be followed by three additional consecutive cuts of the same size by January 2026, according to Ulrike Hoffmann-Burchardi at UBS Global Wealth Management.
Against this backdrop, she maintains her positive view on quality bonds and continue to favor medium duration Treasuries as part of a well-diversified portfolio.
Falling rates should further support the rally in equities, with the S&P 500 expected to finish 2025 near 6,600 and reach 6,800 by end-June 2026.
The gauge is currently above 6,500.
“This steady market rally shows that investors are increasingly forward-looking, pricing in a blend of policy accommodation, improving productivity dynamics, and the potential for fiscal support,” said Mark Hackett at Nationwide.
In many ways, investors are leaning into the idea that slower labor momentum doesn’t necessarily derail corporate earnings or broader growth potential, but rather that supportive tailwinds will offset the recent wave of slowing economic data, as evidenced by easier financial conditions, he noted.
Consumer price data due Thursday will offer insights on the extent to which tariffs made their way to American households in August. Core CPI, a measure of underlying inflation excluding food and fuel, probably rose 0.3% for a second month, according
to the Bloomberg survey median estimate.
A survey conducted by 22V Research shows investors expect an in-line inflation report tomorrow, with most respondents saying core CPI is on a Fed-friendly glide path.
Options traders are betting the S&P 500 will post a modest swing of nearly 0.7% in either direction following the CPI report, according to Stuart Kaiser, Citigroup Inc.’s head of US equity trading strategy.
That’s less than the average realized CPI Day move of 0.9% over the past year, and below expectations for the next jobs report on Oct. 3. And Kaiser thinks the implied move is high.
Wall Street forecasters are rushing to boost their outlook for the S&P 500 amid prospects for Fed cuts, robust corporate earnings and renewed enthusiasm around artificial intelligence.
Deutsche Bank AG’s Binky Chadha raised his year-end target to 7,000, saying half the estimated direct impact of tariffs has already flowed through into inflation. JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s Dubravko Lakos-Bujas warned of risks in the short-term from inflation but said the gauge could rally to about 7,000 points by early next year amid easing policy headwinds, lower rates and record payouts.
With stocks pressing to new highs, the equity risk premium has all but disappeared, hinting that large- and small-cap stocks are no more compelling than Treasuries or corporate bonds, according to Michael Casper and Christopher Cain at Bloomberg Intelligence.
The S&P 500 equity risk premium — the spread between the earnings yield on stocks and the yield on the 10-year Treasury — is negative and well below its long-term average.
While the premium isn’t a great predictor of forward returns, it still hints that stocks are expensive relative to bonds.
“To sustain multiples at such extremes, rates will likely have to fall — putting the onus on Fed Chairman Jerome Powell to deliver if stocks are going to continue to rally,” they said.
“Past periods of negative risk premia have been met with mixed returns, in aggregate suggesting that stock gains could be poised to slow.”
Stocks will brush off inflation risks and a weaker jobs outlook to end the year on a high note, according to the latest Markets Pulse survey.
Two-thirds of the 116 respondents to a poll conducted Sept. 5-10 say the S&P 500 will continue rallying in 2025, and a majority of that group anticipates gains will be driven by signals from the Fed indicating further interest-rate cuts before the year ends.
Equities are forecast to post better volatility-adjusted returns than bonds over the next month, with survey respondents torn on whether 10-year yields will be higher or lower in the weeks ahead.
With the Nasdaq 100 now nearly doubling since the launch of ChatGPT in 2022, Mark Haefele at UBS Global Wealth Management thinks investors are right to be weighing up what the next big catalysts might be to sustain the tech rally.
Oracle’s blockbuster guidance came after a brief period where investors were questioning the staying power of AI’s explosive growth and rotating out of some of the trend’s largest companies.
That trade is back on Wednesday with other AI winners such as Broadcom Inc., Palantir Technologies Inc., Advanced Micro Devices Inc. and Nvidia climbing alongside Oracle.
“With robust tech earnings momentum and imminent Fed rate cuts ahead, we do not see elevated valuations as a reason to shy away from diversified exposure to the sector,” he said.
“Investors should consider using near-term volatility to build exposure within the AI theme.”

Corporate Highlights:
* Oracle Corp. soared after the company gave an aggressive outlook for its cloud business, cementing the software maker’s place in the race to support demand for artificial-intelligence computing.
* Klarna Group Plc shares jumped in their trading debut after the company and some of its backers raised $1.37 billion in an initial public offering that signals the market for new listings has room to run.
* JPMorgan Chase & Co., Fifth Third Bancorp and Barclays Plc are among banks bracing for potentially hundreds of millions of dollars in combined losses from loans tied to subprime auto lender Tricolor Holdings, according to people with knowledge of the matter.
** Tricolor Holdings, a used car seller and provider of subprime loans that focuses on undocumented immigrants in the US Southwest, filed to liquidate in bankruptcy.
* Boeing Co. has reached a tentative agreement with striking hourly workers at its St. Louis-area defense factories that improves wages and restores a signing bonus.
* GameStop Corp. jumped after the video-game retailer reported Hardware and Accessories net sales that beat the average analyst estimate.
* Chewy Inc. sank after the retailer of pet products gave an outlook that failed to live up to high expectations.
* Chip-design software maker Synopsys Inc. tumbled after the company warned that US export restrictions are contributing to a slowdown in China.
* Delta Air Lines Inc. Chief Executive Officer Ed Bastian said that consumer confidence has rebounded following a “big impact” from tariffs and the economic upheaval earlier this year.
* Uber Technologies Inc. customers will be able to book Blade’s helicopter and seaplane services directly within the Uber app as early as next year, as part of an expansion of the ride-hailing company’s partnership with Joby Aviation Inc.
* Lyft Inc. is piloting autonomous rides in Atlanta with a safety driver on board, a long-planned launch meant to help it better compete against Waymo and Uber.
* Following the success of its latest Starship test, SpaceX is readying a bigger version of the rocket that should be fully reusable next year, Elon Musk said.
* Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc. is venturing into Asia for the first time, with plans to open locations in South Korea and Singapore in 2026.
* Baker Hughes Co. plans to increase production of its high- performing, gas-fired power generation turbines as the artificial intelligence boom boosts electricity demand from data centers, Chief Executive Officer Lorenzo Simonelli said in an interview.
* Brookfield Asset Management said it has already secured investors and deals for its new artificial intelligence infrastructure strategy, as it positions itself to gain from what it sees as a multitrillion-dollar opportunity.
* Cenovus Energy Inc.’s top executive said the company doesn’t plan to increase its takeover offer for oil sands producer MEG Energy Corp., despite a higher rival bid from Strathcona Resources Ltd.
* Vimeo, the online video platform that has struggled to compete against the likes of YouTube and TikTok, agreed to a $1.38 billion, all-cash takeover by European mobile app developer Bending Spoons.
* Merck & Co. is terminating its early drug research in the UK and pulling out of plans for a £1 billion ($1.4 billion) London research hub, marking the latest setback for the country’s domestic pharmaceutical industry.
* Novo Nordisk A/S is slashing its workforce by 11% and pledging to move faster to catch up with Eli Lilly & Co. in the obesity market. That may mean making the company more like its US rival.
* A group led by BlackRock Inc.’s Global Infrastructure Partners unit has arranged a roughly $10 billion financing package for its planned investment in Saudi Aramco natural gas infrastructure, people familiar with the matter said.
* Nio Inc. raised about $1 billion through a share sale, as the Chinese electric-vehicle maker takes advantage of a recent stock rally to fund its growth.
* Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. is committing another 1 billion yuan ($140 million) of incentives to drive more traffic to one of its most popular online services, cranking up the heat on JD.com Inc. and Meituan in their ongoing battle for Chinese consumers
What Bloomberg’s Strategists say…
“Preliminary August spending estimates point to a cooling from July’s pace, hinting at emerging cracks in consumer momentum.
Equity traders, however, will likely be inclined to look past this in anticipation of rate cuts.”
—Tatiana Darie, Macro Strategist, Markets Live

Some of the main moves in markets:
Stocks
* The S&P 500 rose 0.3% as of 4 p.m. New York time
* The Nasdaq 100 was little changed
* The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 0.5%
* The MSCI World Index rose 0.2%
* Bloomberg Magnificent 7 Total Return Index fell 0.5%
* The Russell 2000 Index fell 0.2%
* Oracle rose 36%

Currencies
* The Bloomberg Dollar Spot Index was little changed
* The euro was little changed at $1.1701
* The British pound was little changed at $1.3532
* The Japanese yen was little changed at 147.40 per dollar

Cryptocurrencies
* Bitcoin rose 1.9% to $113,641.83
* Ether rose 0.5% to $4,324.74

Bonds
* The yield on 10-year Treasuries declined five basis points to 4.04%
* Germany’s 10-year yield was little changed at 2.65%
* Britain’s 10-year yield advanced one basis point to 4.63%
* The yield on 2-year Treasuries declined two basis points to 3.54%
* The yield on 30-year Treasuries declined four basis points to 4.69%

Commodities
* West Texas Intermediate crude rose 1.8% to $63.78 a barrel
* Spot gold rose 0.4% to $3,641.89 an ounce

Have a lovely evening.

Be magnificent!
As ever,

Carolann
Life shrinks or expands in proportion to one’s courage. –Anaïs Nin, 1903-1977.

Carolann Steinhoff, B.Sc., CFP®, CIM, CIWM
Senior Investment Advisor

Queensbury Securities Inc.,
St. Andrew’s Square,
Suite 340A, 730 View St.,
Victoria, B.C. V8W 3Y7

Tel: 778.430.5808
(C): 250.881.0801 (Text Only)
Toll Free: 1.877.430.5895
Fax: 778.430.5828
www.carolannsteinhoff.com